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Analysis and Report Writing Phase

Analysis Phase

  1. Data Consolidation
  • Logs, screenshots, and notes.

  1. Vulnerability Assessment - Analyze the identified vulnerabilities, their impact, and the ease of exploitation. Categorizing vulnerabilities based on severity (e.g., critical, high, medium, low).

  2. Root Cause Analysis

  • Determine the underlying cause of the vulnerabilities to provide meaningful recommendations for mitigation
  1. Risk Assessment
  • Assess the risk posed by each vulnerability, considering factors such as the likelihood of exploitation and the potential impact on the organization.
  1. Mapping to Compliance Standards
  • Map the findings to relevant compliance standards and frameworks (e.g., PCI-DSS, GDPR, ISO 27001) to highlight areas of non-compliance.

Auditing.

This phase occurs after the initial penetration testing and exploitation of vulnerabilities have taken place.

  1. Assessment of Security Posture evaluate the effectiveness of security controls and policies.

  2. Review of Logs and Configurations: Auditing involves analyzing system logs, configurations, and access controls to identify any anomalies or weaknesses that could be exploited.

  3. Compliance Checks

  • Organization complies with relevant regulations and standards.
  1. Recommendations for Improvement
  • Based on the findings from the audit, ethical hackers provide recommendations for enhancing security measures, addressing vulnerabilities, and improving overall security policies.

Report writing.

A report is the primary record for future tests.

Tools

1. LaTex (for Professional Reports) 2. Document editing like tools Microsoft word Google docs 3. Diagramming tools app.diagrams.net LucidChart 4.Scam reports - scamadviser.com , - gasa.org

Dradis MagicTree Faraday Lynis

Component of a Good Report
  • Description of the vulnerability
  • Evidence and proof of concept (e.g., screenshots, logs, req/res captures, PoC examples)
  • Impact assessment
  • Reproduction steps
  • Recommended remediation

Executive-level reporting

  • Appendix with terms for risk rating
  • Bussiness impact
  • Customization
  • Strategic roadmap

Technical report

  • Technical root cause analysis.
  • Maturity model
  • Technical findings
  • Incident response and monitoring capabilities

To be continued….