Cryptography

Cryptography is the art of writing code to secure information by use of mathematical algorithms.

Data transformation protection.

Data transformation is changing the form/structure of data to protect it from unauthorized access or misuse.

Methods of Data Transformation and Protection

1. Encoding

Transforms data into another format using a scheme that is publicly available so that it can easily be reversed.

2. Encryption.

3. Hashing.

4. Obfuscation

Ancient Cryptography

Ancient cryptography refers to the early methods of securing information, often using simple techniques like substitution and transposition ciphers.

These methods were used in ancient civilizations to protect sensitive information from enemies and unauthorized access.

Cipher Families

Substitutional ciphers

Transpotion ciphers

Stream ciphers

Block ciphers

Hill cipher

Rail Fence ciphers

Modern Cryptography

Modern cryptography is based on mathematical algorithms and computational complexity. It uses advanced techniques to secure data and communications.

Modern cryptography is used in various applications, including secure communication, digital signatures, authentication, and data integrity.

Symetrical ciphers

Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)

Assymetrical ciphers

RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)

DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm)

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)

Cryptanalysis

Cryptanalysis are techniques for defeating cryptographic systems and gaining access to the information they protect.

Types of Cryptanalysis

There are various methods of cryptanalysis, including:

Brute Force Attack
Frequency Analysis
Chosen Plaintext Attack
Known Plaintext Attack

Steganoghaphy

Hieroglyph - use of pictures instead if words. Steganography - embed text inside other files i.e images, document

Steganalysis - detect the presence of hidden information.

Steganography is the practice of hiding information within other non-secret data, such as images or audio files. It aims to conceal the existence of the message itself.